Cl-2PACz（[2-（3,6-二氯-9H-瑠唑-9-基）乙基]磷酸）是一种卤代自组装单分子层（SAM）材料，具有3,6-二氯-9H-卡巴ゾ尔末端基团、一个磷酸锚点以及一个乙基间隔器，连接着运输孔端和锚定器至电极表面。Cl-2PACz已被证明是替代所有有机非富勒烯聚合物太阳能电池在ITO上的PEDOT：PSS的有效孔选择性接触。
With strong electron-withdrawing capability and empty 3d orbits, chlorine atom intends to form strong noncovalent interactions, such as Cl···S and Cl···π interactions. The synergistic effect of electronegativity, together with the empty 3d orbits of chlorine atoms, lead to increased intramolecular and intermolecular interactions, resulting better charge mobilities on the interface.
Bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells utilizing PEDOT:PSS free ITO/Cl-2PACz anodes with PM6:PM7-Si as the binary polymer donors, BTP-eC9 as the non-fullerene acceptor demonstrated a maximum PCE of 18.5%. This was a great enhancement from that of PEDOT:PSS coated electrode (17.5%). It was also observed that OPV solar cells with Cl-2PACz as the interlayer showed better device stability under continuous illumination with white light than those with PEDOT:PSS as the hole transport layer. The device performance improvements with the interlayer of Cl-2PACz sandwiched between the anode and the photoactive layer are from a combined result of increased charge mobilities and supressed charge recombination, reduced resistance at the interface and longer carrier lifetime.
Serving as hole selective contact for organic solar cells and perovskite solar cells, Cl-2PACz is an alternative to PEDOT:PSS with superior performance with the convenience of solution deposition at low concentration, i.e. 1 mM.
Solution Processing Procedure
Typical processing solvents: Anhydrous ethanol (IPA, IPA/DMF are also superior solvents)
Typical concentration: 0.3 - 1.0 mg/ml
Typical processing procedure: Cl-2PACz is dissolved in anhydrous ethanol at a concentration of 0.3 mg/ml. The solution is applied directly onto the ITO substrate for 20 s followed by spin-coating the solution for 30 s at 3000 rpm. The resulting Cl-2PACz coated substrate is then cooled to toom temperature after being annealed for 4 min at 50 - 100 ℃, followed by being washed twice with the same Cl-2PACz solution (0.3 mg/mL) (DOI: 10.1002/aenm.202202503).
General Information
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CAS Number
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3036926-72-1
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Chemical Formula
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C14H12Cl2NO3P
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Molecular Weight
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344.13 g/mol
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Absorption*
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λ = ~360 nm (in ethanol)max
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Fluorescence
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λ (n.a.)em
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HOMO/LUMO
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HOMO = 6.05 eV, LUMO = 2.67 eV
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Synonyms
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(2-(3,6-Dichloro-9H-carbazol-9-yl)ethyl)phosphonic acid
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Classification or Family
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Carbazole derivatives, Self-assembly monolayers, Hole transport layer, Hole extraction layer, p-i-n Perovskite solar cells, Organic photovoltaics
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Product Details
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Purity
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> 98% (HPLC)
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Melting Point
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n.a.
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Appearance
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White powder
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