BD-1 is symmetrically structured with a 3,8-diisopropyl-1,6-diamine-pyrene core, and two dibenzo[b,d]furan and 4-isopropylphenyl peripheral end groups. Four isopropyl alkyl groups not only promotes greater solubility but also prevents the quenching of the excimers.
BD-1 is a fluorescent blue emitter and normally an anthracene derivative 1,2-ADN is selected as effective host for BD-1 for improving the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of fluorescent OLEDs by utilizing triplet–triplet annihilation. Top-emission organic light-emitting diodes (TEOLEDs) utilizing BD-1 as the blue emitting layer material without indium tin oxide (ITO) but a silver (Ag) layer demonstrated a high efficiency of 139.9 cd/A/CIEy at a current density of 10 mA/cm2 [1, 2].