3-BPIC is an axisymmetric self-assembled monolayer (SAM) material with two phosphonic acid groups, two propanyl spacers, and one terminal indolo[2,3-a]carbazole (IDCz) functional group. The phosphonic acid groups act as anchors to the surface of the electrode, i.e. ITO, the spacers separate the anchors and the terminal, while the terminal is in close contact with the photoactive layer for efficient hole transport. As the hole selective contact by forming monolayer interface between the active layer and anode, 3-BPIC boosts device performance and operational stability by promoting hole extraction and effectively blocking electrons.
Being bipodal with biphosphonic acid anchoring groups, 3-BPIC demonstrates relatively larger dipole moment and better interfacial compatibility with the active layer. Polymeric organic non-fullerene solar cells based on PM6:L8-BO:BTP-ec9 (1:1:0.3 w/w) as the active layer, and 3-BPIC as the SAM interface showed outstanding device performance with a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.34%.
Serving as hole selective contact for organic solar cells and perovskite solar cells, 3-BPIC is an alternative to PEDOT:PSS with superior performance with the convenience of solution deposition at low concentration, i.e. 1 mM.
Solution Processing Procedure
Typical processing solvents: Ethanol, methanol, IPA, DMF, THF
Typical concentration: 1 mM - 1.0 mg/ml
Typical processing procedure:
3-BPIC is dissolved in ethanol at the concentration of 0.8 mg/mL. The ITO/SAM monolayer film is deposited by spin-coating the solution on the top of the ITO glass substrate at 3000 rpm for 20 s and then annealed in air for 10 min. The ITO/SAM substrate is dynamically washed with the same solution at 5000 rpm for 20 s (DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03917).
General Information
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CAS Number
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3038707-49-9
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Chemical Formula
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C24H26N2O6P2
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Molecular Weight
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500.42 g/mol
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Absorption
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λmax = 329 nm (in film)
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Fluorescence
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λem (n.a.)
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HOMO/LUMO
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HOMO = 5.25 eV, LUMO = 0.96 eV
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Synonyms
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IDCz-2, (Indolo[2,3-a]carbazole-11,12-diylbis(propane-3,1-diyl)diphosphonic acid
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Classification or Family
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Indolo[2,3-a]carbazole derivatives, Self-assembly monolayers, Hole transport layer, Hole extraction layer, p-i-n Perovskite solar cells, Organic photovoltaics
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Product Details
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Purity
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> 98% (HPLC)
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Melting Point
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n.a.
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Appearance
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White powder/crystals
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